davin.50webs.com/J.T.W a GNU world order – your home of everything that is free Main Menu Research Projects Photo Album Curriculum Vitae The Greatest Artists Email Address Computer Games Web Design Java Training Wheels The Fly (A Story) Political Activism Scruff the Cat My Life Story Smoking Cessation Other Links Tutorial 1 Tutorial 2 Tutorial 3 Tutorial 4 Tutorial 5 Tutorial 6 Tutorial 7 Tutorial 8 Tutorial 9 Tutorial 10 Tutorial 11 Tutorial 12 Tutorial 13 Tutorial 14 Tutorial 15 Tutorial 16 Tutorial 17 Tutorial 18 Using Emacs Download Links

§ 17 Tutorial 17

Question 17.1: Study the following code:

class AnimalTest 
begin 
   private function void chatter(Animal[] a) 
   begin 
      for (var int i=0; i<a.length; i=i+1) 
      begin 
         a[i].talk(); 
      end 
   end 
   beginMain 
      var Animal[] farm = { new Dog(), new Cow(), new Fish() }; 
      var Animal[] ark  = { new Dog(), new Dog(), new Cow(), new Cow(), new Fish(), new Fish() }; 
      var Cow[]    herd = { new Cow(), new Cow(), new Cow() }; 
      chatter(farm); 
      chatter(ark); 
      chatter(herd); 
   endMain 
end 

class Animal 
begin 
   method boolean breathesUnderwater() 
   begin 
      return false; 
   end 

   method boolean isPredator() 
   begin 
      return false; 
   end 

   method void talk() 
   begin 
   end 
end 

class Dog extends Animal 
begin 
   method boolean isPredator() 
   begin 
      return true; 
   end 

   method void talk() 
   begin 
      System.out.println("Woof woof!"); 
   end 
end 

Question 17.2: Write the following classes that subclass the Animal class above: Cow, Cat, Fish, and Whale.

Question 17.3: Write the Shark class which extends Fish class. Override all necessary methods. For the sake of this example and the code that follows, suppose that shark's talk method prints out "Chomp Chomp!".

Question 17.4: Run the AnimalTest class to make sure that all the methods work correctly.

Question 17.5: Rewrite the chatter method so that it never calls the talk methods and instead uses a series of if statements and the instanceof operator to test the run-time type of each object in the a array. Here is some code to get you started:

private function void chatter(Animal[] a) 
begin 
   for (var int i=0; i<a.length; i=i+1) 
   begin 
      if (a[i] instanceof Cow) then 
      begin 
         System.out.println("Moo!"); 
      end 
      else if (a[i] instanceof Cat) then 
      begin 
         System.out.println("Meow!"); 
      end 
      /* other code goes here */ 
   end 
end 

Note that the sub-classes must appear before super-classes in the above code, otherwise the wrong message will be printed out for sub-classes.

Question 17.6: Why is the code from the last question not as good as calling each animal's talk method?